Deep Dive on Autistic Perception

The Process of Human Perception

Human perception operates through a process known as predictive coding, contrasting sharply with the linear processing of computers. Our brains combine external sensory information with individual predictions based on past experiences to form our perception of the world. This predictive nature of human perception is a primary reason why robots are unlikely to achieve full human-like qualities, as they cannot engage in predictive coding. Current neuroscience is exploring how perception, cognition, and behaviour are influenced by predictive coding.

Key Components of Perception

1. Prediction Error: This refers to the surprise experienced when there is a discrepancy between sensory input and our predictions. While some prediction errors can lead to growth and understanding, excessive surprises can disrupt our mental balance, leading our brains to strive for a state of homeostasis.

   
   

2. Strategies for Homeostasis: Human brains use various strategies to minimise prediction errors and maintain balance, such as regulating bodily functions and engaging in self-soothing behaviours like stimming.. Stimming is particularly integral for many Autistic individuals, serving as a means of self-regulation and emotional management.

Autistic Perception and Predictive Coding

Recent discussions within the Autistic community suggest that Autistic brains may have a unique perceptual mechanism that differs significantly from neurotypical brains. It is theorised that Autistic individuals pay more attention to prediction errors, leading to a richer, more detailed understanding of the world.

Differences in Perception

• Neurotypical Brains: Often ignore many prediction errors, leading to a more generalised understanding of the environment. This strategy helps reduce sensory overload but limits learning from subtle details in their surroundings.

• Autistic Brains: Tend to register and evaluate prediction errors as important, resulting in a more complex and detailed perception of the world. Each perceived detail can trigger new learning opportunities, making their understanding of their environment much richer.

Sensory Experiences and Overload

Sensory Overload

Autistic individuals often experience sensory overload due to their heightened awareness of details and prediction errors in environments not designed for their perceptual needs. This can lead to difficulties in processing information and may trigger coping mechanisms such as:

• Fragmented Perception: Where sensory inputs are perceived in disconnected segments rather than as a cohesive whole.

• Distorted Perception: In which elements of the environment may appear altered or confusing.

Coping Strategies

1. Shutdowns: Prolonged exposure to overwhelming stimuli can result in shutdowns, where Autistic individuals lose their ability to process sensory information. Recovery often requires retreating to calming environments.

2. Delayed Processing: Autistic individuals may take longer to process information due to the complexity of their perceptions 10. This can result in a mismatch with the faster processing of neurotypical individuals.

3. Monotropic Processing: This cognitive style involves focusing intensely on one task, which helps filter out chaotic stimuli and allows for deep immersion in activities.

Conclusion

Understanding the differences in perceptual mechanisms between Autistic and neurotypical individuals highlights the importance of context and environmental design. Autistic perception is not inferior but rather a different, equally valid way of experiencing and learning about the world.

Autistic brains may have a unique perceptual mechanism that differs significantly from neurotypical brains leading to a more detailed understanding of the world.

By recognsing the unique challenges and strengths of Autistic perception, we can foster environments that support Autistic individuals in navigating their sensory experiences while celebrating the richness of their understanding.